Search results for "Forward osmosis"
showing 5 items of 5 documents
Temperature-responsive cellulose-based hydrogels as draw agents in Forward Osmosis
2016
Forward Osmosis is a powerful tool to produce clean water at a low cost if appropriate draw agents and regeneration methods are employed (1). In this frame, stimuli-responsive hydrogels are interesting candidates due to their ability to uptake water and release it under physical stimuli, such as hydrostatic pressure and temperature variations. In particular, temperature-responsive hydrogels that are able to absorb large amount of water at room temperature and release it upon a slight temperature increase are very appealing candidates because they can be regenerated easily and with very low energy consumption (2). Chemical stability and biocompatibility are two further requirements that hydr…
Characterization of pressure retarded osmosis lab-scale systems
2016
Power generation from salinity gradient is a viable alternative to produce energy from renewable sources. Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) is one of the technologies proposed so far for the exploitation of such energy source. In the present preliminary work, two different geometry modules were tested under atmospheric pressure (i.e. forward osmosis or depressurized-PRO conditions). The first one is a conventional planar geometry cell. The second is a customized cylindrical membrane module, able to mechanically support the osmotic membrane along with the spacers. The latter, thanks to its design, allows membranes and spacers to be easily changed for testing purposes. A novel simplified proced…
Lab-scale investigation of a pressure retarded osmosis module fed by "non-conventional" salinity gradient
2015
Aim of this work has been to investigate the feasibility of PRO technology for power generation from saline streams originated by different water treatments plants, namely brine from a thermal desalination plant and fresh water from a sewage treatment plant.
Regeneration units for thermolytic salts applications in water & power production: State of the art, experimental and modelling assessment
2021
Abstract Thermolytic solutions are often proposed as high salinity or “draw” stream to generate a chemical potential driving force in Salinity Gradient Power (SGP) and Forward Osmosis (FO) technologies. Depleted “draw” solutions exiting the process can be regenerated by a thermal process powered at very-low grade heat, which is able to decompose the salt into gaseous ammonia and carbon dioxide, which can be stripped and then reabsorbed in the draw solution, restoring its initial concentration. In this work, two different experimental prototypes for the regeneration of ammonium bicarbonate aqueous solution were designed, built and tested. The effect of several operating parameters on the reg…
Salt extraction regeneration technologies
2022
Abstract A salinity gradient power heat engine is a novel sustainable technology for the conversion of low-grade waste heat (T This chapter presents an overview of the main regeneration technologies based on the “salt extraction strategy” reported in the literature. A salt extraction regeneration unit takes advantage of the property of specific chemical compounds to shift from a soluble form to separable species in solution allowing the salt transfer between the exhausted solutions and aiding their regeneration. The regeneration processes reported here are classified into (i) switchable solubility salts and (ii) thermolytic salts. The first class includes compounds characterized by thermal…